Transitioning from fossil fuels to clean, renewable energy systems. Exploring solar, wind, efficiency technologies, and the policies driving our energy transformation.
Global electricity generation
Solar costs since 2010
Renewable energy technologies are rapidly becoming the cheapest source of power in most parts of the world, driving the global energy transition.
Photovoltaic & Thermal
Solar photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity, while solar thermal systems use sunlight to heat water or generate steam for power.
Onshore & Offshore
Wind turbines convert kinetic energy from moving air into electricity. Offshore wind farms offer higher capacity factors and larger turbines.
Dams & Run-of-River
Hydroelectric power harnesses flowing or falling water to generate electricity. Provides reliable baseload power and energy storage capabilities.
Earth's Internal Heat
Geothermal energy taps into Earth's internal heat to generate electricity and provide heating/cooling for buildings.
Batteries & Grid Storage
Battery storage systems store renewable energy when abundant and release it when needed, enabling grid stability and renewable integration.
Next-Gen Solutions
Emerging technologies like green hydrogen, floating solar, tidal energy, and next-generation nuclear are expanding renewable possibilities.
Understanding the environmental and economic impacts of coal, oil, and natural gas while charting the path toward cleaner alternatives.
Fossil fuels account for 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and 90% of CO₂ emissions.
Burning fossil fuels releases particulates, NOx, and SO₂ causing respiratory diseases and acid rain.
Oil spills, mining, and fracking damage ecosystems, contaminate water, and destroy habitats.
Coal ash, oil spills, and fracking chemicals pollute groundwater and surface water sources.
Solar and wind are now the cheapest sources of electricity in most regions.
Clean energy sector employs more people per dollar invested than fossil fuels.
Global investment in clean energy exceeded fossil fuels for the first time in 2023.
Fossil fuel infrastructure risks becoming economically unviable before end of life.
Most polluting fossil fuel, being phased out fastest in developed countries.
Primarily used for transportation, facing competition from electric vehicles.
"Bridge fuel" increasingly challenged by renewables and storage.
The shift away from fossil fuels is not just an environmental imperative—it's an economic opportunity that creates jobs, improves health, and builds energy security.
Comprehensive strategies for transitioning to a sustainable energy system through efficiency, smart grids, electrification, and supportive policies.
Reducing energy demand through improved efficiency is often the most cost-effective climate solution.
Better insulation, LED lighting, efficient HVAC systems, and smart building controls can reduce energy use by 30-50%.
Process optimization, waste heat recovery, and efficient motors can cut industrial energy use by 25%.
Electric vehicles are 3-4x more efficient than internal combustion engines.
Modernizing electricity infrastructure to accommodate renewable energy and electrify all sectors.
Advanced metering, demand response, and grid automation enable efficient renewable integration.
Replacing gas heating, combustion vehicles, and industrial processes with electric alternatives.
Batteries, pumped hydro, and other storage technologies balance supply and demand.
Government policies drive clean energy deployment through incentives, regulations, and standards.
Massive capital mobilization needed to build clean energy infrastructure globally.
Continued technology innovation essential for achieving deep decarbonization.
The clean energy transition is the greatest economic opportunity of our time. Learn how individuals, businesses, and governments can accelerate progress.